Research from the University of Southampton shows that future choices about trade, diet and climate change will be crucial to securing micronutrient food supplies for the UK.
Scientists conclude that factors such as Brexit, the move to plant-based diets and any further disruption from the COVID-19 pandemic will have major influences on our food supply and in turn the range and level of micronutrients available to people through their food.
The UK is not self-sufficient in a number of key vitamins (A and C) and minerals (calcium, zinc and iron). We rely on imports, rather than domestic production, to provide enough of these micronutrients to ensure that the population can receive the recommended daily allowance.
“The pandemic has shown the importance of nutrition in staying healthy and fighting infection. It is important for public health that people can maintain a healthy diet through readily available food sources,” said the lead researcher. , Professor Guy Poppy, who is also Executive Deputy Chair of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). “If the UK is to become more nutrient self-sufficient, a range of actions will be needed to change production and the amount grown domestically, along with some significant changes in consumer food choice.”
The researchers examined data from a number of sources showing how micronutrient safety has varied between 1961 and 2017. They also analyzed 2017 foreign trade data from HMRC to assess foreign food supply before leaving the EU and run future scenarios about domesticity. production, import and supply of animal and plant food sources.
Findings, published in the journal Nature Food, show that since the 1960s the UK has become much more reliant on imports to secure micronutrients. For example, before joining the EU, most of our vitamin C was produced at home, but we now import the majority in the form of fruit and vegetables. Around half of all these imports come from European countries, with Spain and the Netherlands being the most significant contributors. The research also highlighted that trade agreements over the last sixty years have affected the supply of key micronutrients, emphasizing the importance of trade on food supply as the UK negotiates post-Brexit deals.
Co-author of the paper, Dr Jenny Baverstock, added: “There is growing demand for a more plant-based diet to help tackle climate change – but this will be a challenge based on current patterns, and especially if we continue to rely on imports of fruit and vegetables that cannot be grown in the UK.
“This increase in vegetarianism and veganism will require careful policies and decisions, as the bioavailability of micronutrients from meat and milk is something that is not easily replicated by plants. It will be necessary to consider how to ‘eat for the health of the humanity’ too. like ‘eating for the health of the planet’.”
The materials are provided by the University of Southampton. Note: Content can be edited for style and length.
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