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Passion for the natural world drives many of our adventures. And when we’re not outside, we love to delve into discoveries about the places we live and travel. Here are some of the best natural history links we found this week.

The Sharknado attitude

Shark vs Orca: Is Fear Rational ?: Orcs and great white sharks are among the most terrifying creatures in the ocean. Statistics show that a shark will bite a human more often than a killer whale. This may interest you : Results of the 50th Session of the UN Human Rights Council – United States Department of State. But statistics also show that a person is more likely to bite you in the water than a killer whale. In fact, there is only one documented case of a wild killer whale attacking a human.

One reason is that plows “tend to be denser in cold, high-latitude regions. These are areas where the water is not particularly inviting for the average sunbather, ‘explains Emma Luck, a marine mammal researcher.

In fact, no matter what the water temperature, both sharks and killer whales are unlikely to disturb you.

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Voyager probes: less memory than a cell phone

Voyager records 45 years in space: NASA’s twin spacecraft Voyager has been in space for 45 years. To see also : ‘Not a strange elitist class’: scientists bringing an urgent message to the streets of Hobart. They are the only probes that have studied interstellar space, the vast area through which our sun and solar system travel.

NASA launched Voyager 2 on August 20, 1977, and Voyager 1 16 days later on September 5. They went to Saturn and Jupiter for the first time. Voyager 2 then became the first and only spacecraft to approach Uranus and Neptune. At each stop, they recorded images and provided insight into previously unseen worlds.

As Voyager 2 orbited the planets, Voyager 1 found itself at the edge of the heliosphere. He stayed there until 2012 and found that the heliosphere blocks 70% of cosmic rays emitted by exploding stars.

After decades in space, they are now older than many of the researchers who operate them, and much of their technology is outdated. The probes have three million times less memory than a modern cell phone. Even so, they are still at the forefront of space exploration.

“We don’t know how long the mission will take, but we can be sure the spacecraft will provide more scientific surprises as it moves away from Earth,” said Suzanne Dodd, Voyager project manager at JPL.

One of the Voyager probes in the space simulator chamber at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, April 27, 1977. Photo: NASA / JPL-Caltech Photojournal

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A missing membrane

Evolutionary change that helped pave the way for human speech: Scientists have discovered evolutionary differences in human voices compared to other primates. Read also : The author discusses books about science and the definition of service. This difference may be why we can talk.

Scientists analyzed the voices of 43 primate species. Two things were missing from the human larynx that contained the other 42: the vocal membrane and the air sac. The missing tissues allowed people to produce long, steady speech and control the pitch of their voices.

“The more complex vocal structures in non-human primates can make it difficult to precisely control vibration,” said primatologist Takeshi Nishimura.

Giant meteorite impact created continents: New research suggests that giant meteor impacts formed Earth’s continents. This theory has been around for decades, but until recently there was very little evidence to back it up.

Scientists analyzed zircon crystals from Pilbara Craton in Western Australia. They are the best preserved remains of the ancient earth’s crust. The composition of oxygen isotopes in the crystals is similar to that found at the sites of giant meteorite impacts.

“Our research provides the first solid evidence that the processes that eventually formed continents began with giant meteorite strikes, similar to those responsible for the extinction of dinosaurs, but which occurred billions of years earlier,” said geologist Tim Johnson.

Tiny holes found in a regularly repeating pattern on the seabed. Photo: NOAA

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A mystery digger

‘Alien’ holes in the ocean floor: Scientists have discovered a set of perfectly aligned holes in the seabed. The row of holes is 2.6 km below the surface, and scientists have no idea where they came from.

The NOAA Oceans Explorer team found an unusual pattern in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a relatively unexplored region. The holes are set in a straight line at regular intervals. Each hole is surrounded by a small mound of sediment. They are similar to the holes found in this area in 2004 by two marine scientists. Scientists then suggested that the organism living in the sediment made small holes, but no one saw anything behave like this.

“These holes were previously reported from the region, but their origin remains a mystery. While they look almost man-made, the small piles of sediment around the holes make it look like they’ve been dug up by… something, NOAA scientists said.

A new detection system could save whales from ship strikes: a research team in Greece has developed a new whale detection system. They are testing a prototype, known by the acronym SAvEWhales, in the Mediterranean Sea.

Ship strikes in the area are the main cause of death of sperm whales. The new system uses the clicks of sperm whales to detect their location with an accuracy of 30-40m. Tests have shown it can detect this early enough for nearby ships to have time to reroute or slow down to avoid whales.

The system uses hydrophones to pick up sounds. The time it takes for the sound to reach the different hydrophones allows the system to calculate the position of the whale. After each click, the researchers realized they heard a second, weaker click. It is the reflection of a click as it bounces off the surface of the water. Upon realizing this, scientists were also able to calculate the depth of the whale.

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